What is organized abuse? Is it the same as ritual abuse?

Australian Michael Salter is a criminologist and author of the book Organised Sexual Abuse, and has published a number of articles on criminology relating to the abuse of adults and children over the years. Both his book and his earlier writing clearly distinguish organised abuse from ritual abuse, basing this on earlier use of the term by other researchers.

Organised abuse:
where multiple adults conspire to sexually abuse multiple children

Salter, M., & Richters, J. (2012). Organised abuse: A neglected category of sexual abuse with significant lifetime mental healthcare sequelae. Journal of Mental Health, 21(5), 499–508. doi:10.3109/09638237.2012.682264

Michael Salter’s book Organised Sexual Abuse, published in 2012, identifies several categories of organised abuse which previous researchers have identified, before exploring the issue further. Many people will already be familiar with these categories of abuse, each of which involves multiple perpetrators and multiple victims.

  • institutional abuse (children’s institutions)
  • network abuse (extra-familial networks of offenders)
  • familial abuse (in nuclear and extended families
  • ritual abuse (which commonly occurs in familial cases or organised abuse, but has been documented outside it)

Read his recent interview in the new journal Borne Press (may trigger, the extract from the book at the end contains very distressing material)

The Link between Organised Abuse and Mental Health

Many researchers and clinicians have documented the negative impacts of abuse in childhood on survivors’ mental health. This is a useful summary:

“Some mental healthcare workers are aware of clients with high needs, such as dissociative disorders and personality disorders, who have histories of sexual abuse (contact offences), usually from early childhood, involving two or more adults acting together and multiple child victims (Gold et al., 1996; McClellan et al., 1995; Middleton & Butler, 1998). This has been defined as “organised abuse” (Bibby, 1996; La Fontaine, 1993).
Excluded from this definition are cases where a child is sexually abused by multiple perpetrators who are unaware of one another, such as survival sex amongst homeless youths, or where abuse is limited to a single household or family and there are no extra-familial victims (La Fontaine, 1993). Organised abuse is associated with a range of trauma-related mental illnesses amongst victims as well as other poor life outcomes (Gold et al., 1999; Leserman et al,. 1997; Williams, 1993).”
Salter, M., & Richters, J. (2012). Organised abuse: A neglected category of sexual abuse with significant lifetime mental healthcare sequelae. Journal of Mental Health, 21(5), 499–508. doi:10.3109/09638237.2012.682264

Related Links

BornePress, who interviewed Michael, is a new journal focused on healing and surviving extreme trauma. Follow BornePress in WordPress – add http://bornepress.com in the WordPress reader

Mindfulness protects adults from physical, mental health consequences of childhood abuse, neglect

ACE study – Mindfulness helps protects adults from the consequences of childhood abuse & neglect
Find your Adverse Childhood Experiences Score at http://www.acestudy.org/ace_score

About the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study
http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/acestudy/about.html

Adverse Childhood Experiences Pyramid

ACE pyramid

This blog is based on the following research

Whitaker, R. C., Dearth-Wesley, T., Gooze, R. A., Becker, B. D., Gallagher, K. C., & McEwen, B. S. (2014). Adverse childhood experiences, dispositional mindfulness, and adult health. Preventive Medicine, 67, 147–153. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.029

Full paper
http://www.pubfacts.com/detail/25084563/Adverse-childhood-experiences-dispositional-mindfulness-and-adult-health.

ACEs Too High LLC

Aeye2Fact #1: People who were abused and neglected when they were kids have poorer physical and mental health. The more types of ACEs (adverse childhood experiences) – physical abuse, an alcoholic father, an abused mother, etc. – the higher the risk of heart disease, depression, diabetes, obesity, being violent or experiencing violence. Got an ACE score of 4 or more? Your risk of heart disease increases 200%. Your risk of suicide increases 1200%.

Fact #2: Mindfulness practices improve people’s physical and mental health.

Now, says Dr. Robert Whitaker, a pediatrician and professor of pediatrics and public health at Temple University, there’s one more important fact: People who are mindful are physically and mentally healthier, no matter what their ACE scores are.

This study, to be published in the October issue of Preventive Medicine, is the first to look at the relationship between ACEs, mindfulness and health. And it…

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Small Steps of Progress on my Journey with Dissociative Identity Disorder

An alternative way of communicating -Dissociative Identity Disorder

Related Links

DIDdispatches Blog

 

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I want this blog to be honest and open about my life with Dissociative Identity Disorder and yet there are times when it is hard to be so upfront, to write about the things we are doing. Mainly I fear being judged which I know is ridiculous and yet it is one of my biggest fears.

If I’m honest those fears are in a way making it difficult to write, because I do wonder what other people will think about me and in turn my alters, the other parts of me. All my childhood and into my adult years I was judged by one of my main abusers, she’d continually put me down and be critical. Scathing comments about my failings were a daily occurrence, it was as if everything was my fault and I was utterly useless at anything.

Now I know that those comments were…

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Discovering That I am Allowed to Have Fun!

An inspiring blog about allowing yourself to have fun, and defeating the childhood messages that made having fun ‘dangerous’

DIDdispatches Blog

 

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Last week I realised that I didn’t know how to have fun instinctively, in fact I found it hard to acknowledge that I was allowed to have fun. I know these behaviours and thoughts are the result of my past, but it is hard to rebuild a life that is over forty years in the making. The idea I could have fun seemed absurd, it’s a bit of an alien concept to me and so I really wasn’t sure if I was ever going to change this inability to have fun. To do the things most people take for granted, like paddling in the sea or having a picnic, seemed way too far ahead of me and so far out of reach at this time.

But spurred on by my psychologist and his words in therapy about fun being ok, I decided to try and change things. You see…

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Depersonalization Disorder – a personal experience of treatment

This blog was inspired by an excellent blog post describing elements of living with chronic Depersonalization, which is now known as Depersonalization/Derealization disorder. Read Sandy’s blog to find her experiences of treatment Dreamchild – Therapy and Medication.

Diagnostic Criteria

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder description

Depersonalization disorder is a Dissociative Disorder. Depersonalization is an experience that can occur within a schizophrenic, depressive, phobic, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, or Dissociative Identity Disorder, as well as being a separate disorder.

Certain substances can also cause these effects, so these are excluded in the diagnostic criteria. Depersonalization often includes Derealization experiences (DR); they are now considered a single disorder.

The Stranger In The Mirror

Art from http://mermann87.deviantart.com/art/Mirror-Transgender-Self-90629564 Known as DP or DPD, Depersonalization Disorder can be difficult to treat. One example of depersonalization is being unable to recognize yourself in a mirror. Dissociation expert Dr Marlene Steinberg’s reflected this in the name of her classic book, The Stranger in the Mirror, Dissociation – The Hidden Epidemic, and the art work here.

Artwork from http://mermann87.deviantart.com/art/Mirror-Transgender-Self-90629564